What is Recovery point? · Ultra Transcenders glossary

Point-in-time copy of backed-up data. One exists only where a backup actually ran, and it counts once even if several retention tiers apply to it.

Also called restore point.

In the Ultra Transcenders books

Each book explains Recovery point in context, with comparison tables and the common traps.

WHERE
Limits a SELECT, UPDATE or DELETE to just the rows meeting a condition. Omit it, and the statement hits every row.
APPLY
Evaluates a table-valued expression for every row on its left, inside FROM. Think of OUTER APPLY as a left outer join and CROSS APPLY as an inner join.

Crash-consistent snapshot
Captures just what has already been written to disk, which happens if the VM is shut down or deallocated when backup runs or if an app-consistent snapshot can't be taken; a recovery point is still created.
Create new (restore option)
Restores an Azure VM from a recovery point as a brand-new VM, or as disks only, in the same region, leaving the original machine running.
File recovery
Restores individual files from an Azure VM backup. You download a script, valid for a limited time, that mounts the recovery point's disks over iSCSI on a suitable machine; copy what you need, then select Unmount Disks.
iSCSI
Protocol that carries block storage over TCP on port 3260. When recovering files, Azure Backup's script mounts recovery point disks as local volumes using it.
Replace existing (restore option)
Way of restoring an Azure VM by swapping its OS and data disks for those in the recovery point. Settings such as VM size survive, but anything written since the backup is lost.